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Lewis & Clark's Columbia River - "200 Years Later"
"Desdemona Sands, Oregon"
Includes ... Desdemona Sands Lighthouse ... Desdemona Sands ... Point Adams ...
Image, 2011, Buoy, Columbia River at Clatsop Spit, click to enlarge
Click image to enlarge
Buoy 21 with Sea Lions, Columbia River at Clatsop Spit, Oregon, downstream from the Desdemona Sands. Image taken October 25, 2011.


Buoy 21 is one of many buoys which mark the northern edge of the south Columbia River navigation channel and the southern edge of the trecherous Desdemona Sands. Buoy 21 is located approximately one and 1/2 miles west of the Desdemona Sands Light.


Desdemona Sands ...
The Desdemona Sands are shoal sands off of Point Adams. They were named after the bark Desdemona who, while inbound to Astoria, grounded there in December 1856.

From the current Coast Pilot (2011):

"... Desdemona Sands, marked by a light near the W end, is a shoal area extending SE for about 8 (9.2) miles from just inside the entrance to Columbia River. Desdemona Sands has the main river channel to the S and a secondary channel to the N. The southern section of Desdemona Sands is composed of shifting sand shoals that dry at low water. Only shallow draft vessels should attempt to navigate Desdemona Shoals, mariners are urged to use caution in the area ..."

Desdemona Sands Lighthouse ...
Four lighthouses have been located near the mouth of the Columbia River. They are th Cape Disappointment Lighthouse (1856), Point Adams Lighthouse (1875), North Head Lighthouse (1898), and the Desdemona Sands Lighthouse (1902).

"... On a case-by-case basis Congress appropriated funds for design and construction of important facilities. These included lighthouses: Cape Arago (1866), Cape Blanco (1870), Yaquina Bay (1872), Cape Foulweather (1873), Point Adams (1875), Tillamook Rock (1881), Warrior Rock (1888) at the mouth of the Willamette River, Cape Meares (1890), Umpqua River, Heceta Head, Coquille River (all 1894), and Desdemona Sands (1905 [error ???, 1902, see below]). The goal was to create a system of stations with interlocking lights. On a clear night at sea, a mariner might expect to sight at any point a distinctive beacon on shore to pinpoint the location. Fog signals powered by steam engines blasted warnings from a number of the stations to tell captains to drop anchor or beat a retreat until the mists cleared. ..." [Oregon State "BlueBook" website, 2006]

The U.S. Coast Guard website (2006) states:

"... One of the last wooden straight-pile lighthouses built was the Desdemona Sands Lighthouse, Columbia River, Oregon. It was completed in 1902 and dismantled shortly after World War II. ..."

The 1903 U.S. Coast Survey's "Coast Pilot" described the Desdemona Sands Lighthouse as being a fixed white, 4th order light, located 46 1/2 feet above mean high water and visible for 12 miles. Location is 46N 13W latitude and 123N 57E longitude. The lighthouse structure is a "White, octagonal, one-and-one-half-story dwelling, with gray trimmings, rising from a rectangular platform, on piles, and having a bronze-colored pyramidal roof, surmounted by a gray cylindrical lantern with bronze-colored roof. A small one-story projection, for the fog signal, is on the westerly side, and a one-story annex on the easterly side of the dwelling." The fog signal was a "Daboll trumpet; blasts 3 seconds, alternate silent intervals 3 and 23 seconds".

The 1909 U.S. Coast Pilot lists the Lighthouse as "White, octagonal, one-and-one-half story dwelling, with gray-green trimmings, rising from a rectangular platform, on piles; bronze-colored, pyramidal roof; gray-green, cylindrical lantern with bronze-colored roof; small, one-story projection, for the fog signal, on westerly side, and one-story annex on the easterly side of dwelling". The fog signal was a "3d-class Daboll trumpet; blasts 2 sec., slient intervals alternately 3 and 23 sec".

The Desdemona Sands Lighthouse was de-activated in 1934 and dismantled in 1945. The fourth-order bulls-eye Fresnel lens now resides in the museum at the Mukilteo Light Station in Puget Sound.


Desdemona Sands Light ...
The 1942 U.S. Coast Pilot gives the following description of the Desdemona Sands Light:

"... About a mile eastward of Sand Island and the end of Clatsop Spit, the channel is divided by the shoal, Desdemona Sands. Desdemona Sands Light is shown from a white pyramidal tower on white piles on the western end of the shoal. The light is 36 feet above water, and visible 11 miles. A fog signal is sounded on an air diaphragm horn. ..."

Since October 1997 CORIE (a pilot environmental observation and forecasting system run by the OGI School of Science and Engineering of the Oregon Health & Science University) has maintained a fixed light called "Desdemona Sands Light" off the Point Adams coast.



From the Journals of Lewis and Clark ...

 




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*River Miles [RM] are approximate, in statute miles, and were determined from USGS topo maps, obtained from NOAA nautical charts, or obtained from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers website, 2003

Sources: CORIE website, 2006; "The Long Beach Peninsula, Where the Columbia Meets the Pacific" 2005, Arcadia Publishing; McArthur, L.A., and McArthur, L.L., 2004, Oregon Geographic Names, Oregon Historical Society Press, Portland; NOAA Office of Coast Surveys website, 2005, "United States Senate's 'Report of the Superintendent of the Coast Survey showing the Progress of the Survey during the Year 1858'"; NOAA Office of Coast Surveys website, 2005, Historical Information; Oregon "BlueBook" website, 2006; U.S. Coast Guard website, 2006.

All Lewis and Clark quotations from Gary Moulton editions of the Lewis and Clark Journals, University of Nebraska Press, all attempts have been made to type the quotations exactly as in the Moulton editions, however typing errors introduced by this web author cannot be ruled out; location interpretation from variety of sources, including this website author.
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December 2011